Season's Greetings

Here's hoping you all had a wonderful Christmas and wishing you a Happy New Year.

We will see you with a our latest blog in the New Year!

Please click on the link below for a message from us to you

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How To Let Your Objects Know You Care

Museum objects need to be cared for, especially because they are extremely old, so proper handling and storage is very important. When handling objects, the first thing you really need is common sense – like knowing you shouldn’t throw objects around or make tea with one in your hand! It’s also useful to have a gently padded strong surface to place objects on, and to wear gloves.

Gloves are incredibly important when handling all objects, but particularly when working with metal. This is because your skin constantly secretes sweat, which contains all sorts of nasty chemicals that can actually etch into metal surfaces! Sweat also contains potassium lactate, which means that the fingerprints will attract moisture and cause dust to cling to the surface, risking corrosion and mould growth. Wearing gloves stops your fingerprints from attacking the object.

There are also plenty of airborne pollutants that can cause damage to artefacts without any human contact. In the air outside, chemicals such as sulphur and nitrogen dioxides cause metals to tarnish, and affect other objects too; damaging textiles, dyes, and photographic materials. Objects containing calcareous materials like limestone and bone can also be affected by chemicals in the air such as acetic acid from glues and sealants.

To prevent objects from all sorts of dangers, including physical damage, pests, dust, pollution and light, they are stored in polythene boxes. These also buffer changes in temperature and humidity. All the packaging involved, including the box, should be inert and as non-biodegradable as possible to prevent any chemicals from leaking out and causing damage.

Not your average lunch box: A storage box holding boxed objects safely cushioned in acid free tissue.

Objects are packed in nests of acid free tissue, and the climate within each box can be controlled with silica gel, which is conditioned to maintain a specific humidity level by absorbing moisture from the air. The most commonly used silica gel changes colour when it needs to be replaced, and can dried by gentle heating for reuse.

The graph below shows the different conditions preferred by various materials, for example wood is best preserved in a very humid environment, whereas metals require the air to be much drier. When an object is made of more than one material, it is much harder to protect, but it could be kept at a mid-range relative humidity to prevent any damage.



Graph showing recommended ranges for relative humidity

 If you would like to learn more about how to care for objects why not come along on a ‘Behind the Scenes Tour'? see the link below for forthcoming dates…

http://www.romanbaths.co.uk/whats_on/events/events_calendar/tunnel_tours_and_store_tours.aspx

More about our 'Behind the Scenes' Tours in January....

Spinning a Yarn.....

As promised, here is more about the Roman Spindle whorl, but first a little history…

A frieze on the Forum Palladium in Rome features a series of bas-reliefs of women spinning thread using the spindle whorl. This goes to show that spinning was a common activity for Roman women, girls and female slaves. Although the spindle whorl was used in creating thread for clothes and textiles, it was also used as a sacrifice to the gods and would sometimes be carried in bridal processions. The act of spinning was also associated to women coming of age and, in the myth of the 3 Fates, each thread spun by the women hold the life of every man’s past, present and future. Interestingly, in rural districts of Italy, the women were forbidden to spin when travelling on foot because it was considered an evil omen.

So, how do you use this object? Here is a fun step by step guide;

The spindle whorl normally consists of a stick of 10 or 12 inches long (spindle) and a circular weight (whorl). Spindle whorls are made from various materials - wood, stone, ceramics or metal.

Spindle Whorl

Imagine if you have the spindle whorl…

1) With your two hands, take a piece of wool and rub it together to form a long strand. Tie one end near the whorl and the other on the top of the staff (there should be a slit or catch). The weight of the whorl should help spinning.

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2) Hold the wool in your left hand and, with your right hand, spin the spindle whorl. Let the spindle whorl weight draw the spindle down, drawing out the thread.

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3) Once reaching the ground, take it out of the slit and wind onto the spindle. Replace the thread in the slit and twist out another length. Repeat.

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Congratulations, you are spinning!